Efnisyfirlit

• Instructions for online access
• Cover image
• Title page
• Copyright
• Contents
• Preface
• Online Study for Students
• 1 Why Study Microbiology?
• A Note on Emerging and Re-emerging Infections
• About This Book
• Further Reading
• Part 1 General microbiology
• 2 Bacterial Structure and Taxonomy
• Eukaryotes and Prokaryotes
• Morphology
• Taxonomy
• Review Questions (Answers on p. 388)
• Further Reading
• 3 Bacterial Physiology and Genetics
• Bacterial Physiology
• Bacterial Genetics
• Recombinant DNA Technology in Microbiology
• The Era of ‘-omics’
• Review Questions (answers on p. 388)
• Further Reading
• 4 Viruses and Prions
• Structure
• Taxonomy
• Viral Replication
• Pathogenesis of Viral Infections
• Cellular Antiviral Response
• Prions and Prion Diseases
• Review Questions (answers on p. 388)
• Further Reading
• 5 Pathogenesis of Microbial Disease
• General Aspects of Infection
• Pathogenesis of Bacterial Disease
• Pathogenesis of Viral Disease
• Pathogenesis of Fungal Disease
• Koch’s Postulates
• Review Questions (Answers on p. 388)
• Further Reading
• 6 Diagnostic Microbiology and Laboratory Methods
• Diagnostic Microbiology
• Laboratory Methods
• Bacterial Identification
• Immunological Methods
• Laboratory Investigations Related to Antimicrobial Therapy
• Appropriate Specimens in Medical Microbiology
• Laboratory Isolation and Identification of Viruses
• Diagnosis of Fungal Infections
• Review Questions (Answers on p. 388)
• Further Reading
• 7 Antimicrobial Chemotherapy
• Bacteriostatic and Bactericidal Antimicrobial Agents
• Principles of Antimicrobial Therapy
• Pharmacodynamics of Antimicrobials
• Failure of Antimicrobial Therapy
• Antimicrobials Commonly Used in Dentistry
• Antibacterial Agents
• Antifungal Agents
• Antiviral Agents
• Review Questions (Answers on p. 388)
• Further Reading
• Part 2 Basic immunology
• 8 The Immune System and the Oral Cavity
• The Immune System: General Considerations
• The Innate Immune System
• The Adaptive Immune System
• Cells of the Immune System
• Oral Defence Mechanisms
• Innate Immune Mechanisms
• The Oral Mucosal Epithelium
• Adaptive Immunity in Oral Health and Disease
• Review Questions (Answers on p. 388)
• Further Reading
• 9 The Immune Response
• Antibodies
• Cytokines
• B Cell Activation
• Antigen Processing and Presentation
• T-Helper Subsets
• Target Cell Killing
• Activation of Macrophages
• Regulation of the Immune Response
• Immunological Memory
• Review Questions (Answers on p. 389)
• Further Reading
• 10 Immunity and Infection
• Immunity to Bacteria
• Immunity to Viruses
• Immunity to Parasites
• Immunity to Fungi
• Vaccination
• ‘-omics’ Developments Impacting Oral Immunology
• Review Questions (Answers on p. 389)
• Further Reading
• Part 3 Microbes of relevance to dentistry
• 11 Streptococci, Staphylococciand Enterococci
• Streptococci
• Staphylococci
• Enterococci
• Micrococci
• Review Questions (Answers on p. 389)
• Further Reading
• 12 Lactobacilli, Corynebacteria and Propionibacteria
• Lactobacilli
• Corynebacteria
• Propionibacteria
• Review Questions (Answers on p. 389)
• Further Reading
• 13 Actinomycetes, Clostridia and Bacillus Species
• Actinomycetes
• Nocardia
• Clostridia
• Bacillus
• Review Questions (Answers on p. 389)
• Further Reading
• 14 Neisseriaceae, Veillonella, Parvobacteria and Capnocytophaga
• Neisseriaceae
• Veillonella
• Parvobacteria
• Haemophilus Species
• Bordetella
• Review Questions (Answers on p. 389)
• Further Reading
• 15 Enterobacteria
• General Characteristics of Enterobacteria
• Eschericheae
• Salmonellae
• Shigellae
• Klebsielleae
• Pseudomonads
• Review Questions (Answers on p. 389)
• Further Reading
• 16 Vibrios, Campylobacters and Wolinella
• Vibrios
• Campylobacters
• Wolinella
• Review Questions (Answers on p. 390)
• Further Reading
• 17 Bacteroides, Tannerella, Porphyromonas and Prevotella
• Bacteroides
• Tannerella
• Porphyromonas
• Prevotella
• Review Questions (Answers on p. 390)
• Further Reading
• 18 Fusobacteria, Leptotrichia and Spirochaetes
• Fusobacteria
• Leptotrichia
• Spirochaetes
• Treponema
• Borrelia
• Leptospira
• Review Questions (Answers on p. 390)
• Further Reading
• 19 Mycobacteria and Legionellae
• Mycobacteria
• Legionella
• Further Reading
• Review Questions (Answers on p. 390)
• 20 Chlamydiae, Rickettsiae and Mycoplasmas
• Chlamydiae
• Rickettsiae
• Mycoplasmas
• Further Reading
• Review Questions (Answers on p. 390)
• 21 Viruses of Relevance to Dentistry
• DNA Viruses
• RNA Viruses
• Viruses and Cancer
• Further Reading
• Review Questions (Answers on p. 390)
• 22 Fungi of Relevance to Dentistry
• Morphology
• Reproduction
• Classification
• Cultural Requirements
• Pathogenicity
• Human Mycoses
• Yeasts
• Filamentous and Dimorphic Fungi and Oral Disease
• Review Questions (Answers on p. 390)
• Further Reading
• Part 4 Systemic Infections of relevance to dentistry
• 23 Infections of the Respiratory Tract
• Normal Flora
• Important Pathogens of the Respiratory Tract
• Infections of the Upper Respiratory Tract
• Infections of the Paranasal Sinuses and the Middle Ear
• Infections of the Trachea and Bronchi
• Lung Infections
• Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) and Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)
• Fungal Infections of the Lower Respiratory Tract
• Respiratory Infections and Dentistry
• Review Questions (Answers on p. 390)
• Further Reading
• 24 Infections of the Cardiovascular System
• Bacteraemia, Septicaemia and Sepsis Syndrome
• Infections of the Heart
• British and US Guidelines on Prophylaxis Against Infective Endocarditis in Patients Undergoing Interventional Procedures
• Dental Procedures That Need Antibiotic Prophylaxis
• Review Questions (Answers on p. 390)
• Further Reading
• 25 Infections of the Central Nervous and Locomotor Systems
• Infections of the Central Nervous System
• Infections of the Locomotor System
• Arthroplasties and Antibiotic Prophylaxis for Dental Procedures
• Review Questions (Answers on p. 391)
• Further Reading
• 26 Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
• Normal Flora
• Common Diarrhoeal Diseases
• Less Common and Uncommon Diarrhoeal Diseases
• Nonbacterial Causes of Diarrhoea
• Review Questions (Answers on p. 391)
• Further Reading
• 27 Infections of the Genitourinary Tract
• Normal Flora and the Natural Defences of the Genitourinary Tract
• Sexually Transmitted Infections
• Urinary Tract Infections
• Dentistry and Genitourinary Infections
• Review Questions (Answers on p. 391)
• Further Reading
• 28 Skin and Wound Infections
• Normal Flora
• Skin Infections
• Wound Infections
• Review Questions (Answers on p. 391)
• Further Reading
• 29 Viral Hepatitis
• Signs and Symptoms of Hepatitis
• Hepatitis A
• Hepatitis B
• Hepatitis C
• Hepatitis D (Delta Hepatitis)
• Hepatitis E
• Hepatitis Viruses of Unclear Pathogenicity
• Review Questions (Answers on p. 391)
• Further Reading
• 30 Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection, AIDS and Infections in Compromised Patients
• Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection and Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome
• Human Immunodeficiency Virus
• Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome
• Prevention of HIV Infection
• Infections in Compromised Patients
• Xerostomia and Infection
• Review Questions (Answers on p. 391)
• Further Reading
• Part 5 Oral microbiota and oral infections
• 31 Oral Microbiota and the Oralome
• Oral Microbiome and the Oral Microbiota
• Oral Microbiota
• Oral Bacteriome
• Oral Mycobiome
• Oral Virome
• Oral Phageome
• Oral Archaeome
• Oral Protozome
• The Oral Ecosystem
• The Plaque Biofilm
• Review Questions (Answers on p. 391)
• Further Reading
• 32 Microbiology of Dental Caries
• Epidemiology
• Classifications
• Diagnosis
• Aetiology
• Management of Dental Caries
• Review Questions (Answers on p. 392)
• Further Reading
• 33 Microbiology of Periodontal Disease
• The Periodontium
• Classification of Periodontal Disease
• The Progression From Gingivitis to Periodontitis
• Relationship Between Chronic Marginal Gingivitis and Periodontitis
• Acute Necrotizing Ulcerative Gingivitis (ANUG)
• Pericoronitis
• Peri-implant Microbiology
• Clinical Implications of Microbiological Tests in Periodontal Disease
• Review Questions (Answers on p. 392)
• Further Reading
• 34 Dentoalveolar and Endodontic Infections
• Natural History of Dentoalveolar Infections
• Source of Microorganisms
• Apical Dentoalveolar Abscess
• Ludwig’s Angina
• Pericoronitis (See Chapter 33.)
• Periodontal Abscess
• Suppurative Osteomyelitisof the Jaws
• Cervicofacial Actinomycosis
• Facial Lacerations
• Endodontic Infections
• Review Questions (answers on p. 392)
• Further Reading
• 35 Oral Mucosal and Salivary Gland Infections
• Oral Mucosal Infections
• Oral Manifestations of Systemic Mycoses
• Oral Viral Infections
• Oral Manifestations of Bacterial Infections
• Salivary Gland Infections
• Review Questions (Answers on p. 392)
• Further Reading
• Part 6 Cross-infection and control
• 36 General Principles of Infection Control, Standard Precautions and Transmission-Based Precautions
• General Principles of Infection Control
• Routes of Infection
• Standard Infection Control Precautions
• Review Questions (Answers on p. 392)
• Further Reading
• 37 Standard Infection Control Procedures in Dentistry Part I: Personal Protection, Sharps Injuries Protocol and Immunization
• Practice Management and Staff Development
• Infection Control: Specific Practical Features
• Review Questions (Answers on p. 392)
• Further Reading
• 38 Standard Infection Control Procedures in Dentistry Part II: Sterilization, Disinfection and Antisepsis, with a Summary of Transmission-Based Infection Control Procedures
• Sterilization, Disinfection and Antisepsis
• Decontamination
• Decontamination of Instruments
• Sterilization
• Disinfection
• Step 1
• Step 2
• Environmental Disinfection
• Dental Unit Water Lines: Disinfection and Management
• Recommendations on Care of Handpieces and Other Devices Attached to Air and Water Lines
• Dental Radiology
• Laboratory Asepsis
• Office/Surgery Design and Maintenance
• Instrument Recirculation and Office Design
• Disposal of Clinical Waste
• Transmission-Based Precautions
• Contact Precautions: For Ambulatory Clinic Settings
• Droplet Precautions: For Ambulatory Clinic Settings
• Airborne Precautions: For Ambulatory Clinic Settings
• Review Questions (Answers on p. 392)
• Further Reading
• Answers to Review Questions
• Glossary of Terms and Abbreviations
• Index