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• COVER
• TITLE PAGE
• ABOUT THE AUTHORS
• PREFACE TO THE FOURTH EDITION
• GENERAL NOMENCLATURE
• DIMENSIONS AND UNITS
• CHAPTER 1 SEPARATION PROCESSES
• INSTRUCTIONAL OBJECTIVES
• 1.1 INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL PROCESSES
• 1.2 BASIC SEPARATION TECHNIQUES
• 1.3 SEPARATIONS BY PHASE CREATION
• 1.4 SEPARATIONS BY PHASE ADDITION
• 1.5 SEPARATIONS BY BARRIER
• 1.6 SEPARATIONS BY AN EXTERNAL FIELD OR GRADIENT
• 1.7 BRIEF COMPARISON OF COMMON SEPARATION OPERATIONS
• 1.8 SEPARATION PROCESSES, PRODUCT PURITY, COMPONENT RECOVERY, AND SEPARATION SEQUENCES
• SUMMARY
• REFERENCES
• STUDY QUESTIONS
• EXERCISES
• CHAPTER 2 THERMODYNAMICS OF SEPARATION OPERATIONS
• 2.0 INSTRUCTIONAL OBJECTIVES
• 2.1 PHASE EQUILIBRIA
• 2.2 IDEAL-GAS, IDEAL-LIQUID-SOLUTION MODEL
• 2.3 GRAPHICAL REPRESENTATION OF THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES
• 2.4 NONIDEAL THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTY MODELS
• 2.5 P-v-T EQUATION-OF-STATE (EOS) MODELS
• 2.6 HIGHLY NONIDEAL LIQUID SOLUTIONS
• 2.7 GIBBS EXCESS FREE-ENERGY (gE) MODELS
• 2.8 PREDICTIVE MODELS
• 2.9 ELECTROLYTE SOLUTION MODELS
• 2.10 POLYMER SOLUTION MODELS
• 2.11 K-VALUE METHODS IN PROCESS SIMULATORS
• 2.12 EXERGY AND SECOND-LAW ANALYSIS
• CHAPTER 2 NOMENCLATURE
• SUMMARY
• REFERENCES
• STUDY QUESTIONS
• EXERCISES
• CHAPTER 3 MASS TRANSFER AND DIFFUSION
• 3.0 INSTRUCTIONAL OBJECTIVES
• 3.1 STEADY-STATE, ORDINARY MOLECULAR DIFFUSION
• 3.2 DIFFUSION COEFFICIENTS (DIFFUSIVITIES)
• 3.3 STEADY-STATE AND UNSTEADY-STATE MASS TRANSFER THROUGH STATIONARY MEDIA
• 3.4 MASS TRANSFER IN LAMINAR FLOW
• 3.5 MASS TRANSFER IN TURBULENT FLOW
• 3.6 MODELS FOR MASS TRANSFER IN FLUIDS WITH A FLUID–FLUID INTERFACE
• 3.7 TWO-FILM THEORY AND OVERALL MASS-TRANSFER COEFFICIENTS
• CHAPTER 3 NOMENCLATURE
• SUMMARY
• REFERENCES
• Study Questions
• EXERCISES
• CHAPTER 4 SINGLE EQUILIBRIUM STAGES AND FLASH CALCULATIONS
• 4.0 INSTRUCTIONAL OBJECTIVES
• 4.1 GIBBS’ PHASE RULE AND DEGREES OF FREEDOM
• 4.2 BINARY VAPOR–LIQUID SYSTEMS AT EQUILIBRIUM
• 4.3 EQUILIBRIUM TWO-PHASE FLASH CALCULATIONS
• 4.4 TERNARY LIQUID–LIQUID SYSTEMS AT EQUILIBRIUM
• 4.5 MULTICOMPONENT LIQUID–LIQUID SYSTEMS
• 4.6 LIQUID–SOLID SYSTEMS
• 4.7 GAS–LIQUID SYSTEMS
• 4.8 GAS–SOLID SYSTEMS
• 4.9 THREE-PHASE EQUILIBRIUM SYSTEMS
• CHAPTER 4 NOMENCLATURE
• SUMMARY
• REFERENCES
• STUDY QUESTIONS
• EXERCISES
• CHAPTER 5 MULTISTAGE CASCADES AND HYBRID SYSTEMS
• 5.0 INSTRUCTIONAL OBJECTIVES
• 5.1 CASCADE CONFIGURATIONS
• 5.2 SINGLE-SECTION LIQUID-LIQUID EXTRACTION CASCADES
• 5.3 TWO-SECTION DISTILLATION CASCADES
• 5.4 MEMBRANE CASCADES
• 5.5 HYBRID SYSTEMS
• 5.6 DEGREES OF FREEDOM AND SPECIFICATIONS FOR CASCADES
• CHAPTER 5 NOMENCLATURE
• SUMMARY
• REFERENCES
• STUDY QUESTIONS
• EXERCISES
• CHAPTER 6 ABSORPTION AND STRIPPING
• 6.0 INSTRUCTIONAL OBJECTIVES
• 6.1 EQUIPMENT FOR VAPOR–LIQUID SEPARATIONS
• 6.2 GENERAL DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS
• 6.3 GRAPHICAL METHOD FOR TRAYED TOWERS
• 6.4 KREMSER GROUP METHOD FOR MULTICOMPONENT ABSORPTION AND STRIPPING
• 6.5 STAGE EFFICIENCY AND COLUMN HEIGHT FOR TRAYED COLUMNS
• 6.6 FLOODING, COLUMN DIAMETER, AND TRAY LAYOUT FOR TRAYED COLUMNS
• 6.7 RATE-BASED METHOD FOR PACKED COLUMNS
• 6.8 PACKED-COLUMN LIQUID HOLDUP, DIAMETER, FLOODING, PRESSURE DROP, AND MASS-TRANSFER EFFICIENCY
• 6.9 REACTIVE (CHEMICAL) ABSORPTION
• CHAPTER 6 NOMENCLATURE
• SUMMARY
• REFERENCES
• STUDY QUESTIONS
• EXERCISES
• CHAPTER 7 DISTILLATION OF BINARY MIXTURES
• 7.0 INSTRUCTIONAL OBJECTIVES
• 7.1 EQUIPMENT AND DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS
• 7.2 MCABE–THIELE GRAPHICAL METHOD FOR TRAYED TOWERS
• 7.3 EXTENSIONS OF THE MCABE–THIELE METHOD
• 7.4 ESTIMATION OF TRAY EFFICIENCY FOR DISTILLATION
• 7.5 COLUMN AND REFLUX-DRUM DIAMETERS
• 7.6 RATE-BASED METHOD FOR PACKED DISTILLATION COLUMNS
• CHAPTER 7 NOMENCLATURE
• SUMMARY
• REFERENCES
• STUDY QUESTIONS
• EXERCISES
• CHAPTER 8 LIQUID–LIQUID EXTRACTION WITH TERNARY SYSTEMS
• 8.0 INSTRUCTIONAL OBJECTIVES
• 8.1 EQUIPMENT FOR SOLVENT EXTRACTION
• 8.2 GENERAL DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS
• 8.3 HUNTER–NASH GRAPHICAL EQUILIBRIUM-STAGE METHOD
• 8.4 THEORY AND SCALE-UP OF EXTRACTOR PERFORMANCE
• CHAPTER 8 NOMENCLATURE
• SUMMARY
• REFERENCES
• STUDY QUESTIONS
• EXERCISES
• CHAPTER 9 APPROXIMATE METHODS FOR MULTICOMPONENT DISTILLATION
• 9.0 INSTRUCTIONAL OBJECTIVES
• 9.1 FENSKE–UNDERWOOD–GILLILAND (FUG) METHOD
• 9.2 USING THE SHORTCUT (FUG) METHOD WITH PROCESS SIMULATORS
• CHAPTER 9 NOMENCLATURE
• SUMMARY
• REFERENCES
• STUDY QUESTIONS
• EXERCISES
• CHAPTER 10 EQUILIBRIUM-BASED METHODS FOR MULTICOMPONENT ABSORPTION, STRIPPING, DISTILLATION, AND EXTRACTION
• 10.0 INSTRUCTIONAL OBJECTIVES
• 10.1 SIMPLE MODEL FOR A VAPOR–LIQUID EQUILIBRIUM STAGE
• 10.2 EVOLUTION OF METHODS FOR SOLVING THE MESH EQUATIONS
• 10.3 STRATEGIES FOR APPLYING PROCESS-SIMULATOR METHODS
• 10.4 MAIN MATHEMATICAL PROCEDURES
• 10.5 BUBBLE-POINT (BP) AND SUM-RATES (SR) METHODS
• 10.6 SIMULTANEOUS-CORRECTION METHOD
• 10.7 INSIDE-OUT METHOD
• 10.8 RIGOROUS METHODS FOR LIQUID–LIQUID EXTRACTION
• CHAPTER 10 NOMENCLATURE
• SUMMARY
• REFERENCES
• STUDY QUESTIONS
• EXERCISES
• CHAPTER 11 ENHANCED DISTILLATION AND SUPERCRITICAL EXTRACTION
• 11.0 INSTRUCTIONAL OBJECTIVES
• 11.1 USE OF TRIANGULAR GRAPHS
• 11.2 EXTRACTIVE DISTILLATION
• 11.3 SALT DISTILLATION
• 11.4 PRESSURE-SWING DISTILLATION
• 11.5 HOMOGENEOUS AZEOTROPIC DISTILLATION
• 11.6 HETEROGENEOUS AZEOTROPIC DISTILLATION
• 11.7 REACTIVE DISTILLATION
• 11.8 SUPERCRITICAL-FLUID EXTRACTION
• CHAPTER 11 NOMENCLATURE
• SUMMARY
• REFERENCES
• STUDY QUESTIONS
• EXERCISES
• CHAPTER 12 RATE-BASED MODELS FOR VAPOR–LIQUID SEPARATION OPERATIONS
• 12.0 INSTRUCTIONAL OBJECTIVES
• 12.1 RATE-BASED MODEL
• 12.2 THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES AND TRANSPORT-RATE EXPRESSIONS
• 12.3 METHODS FOR ESTIMATING TRANSPORT COEFFICIENTS AND INTERFACIAL AREA
• 12.4 VAPOR AND LIQUID FLOW PATTERNS
• 12.5 METHOD OF CALCULATION
• 12.6 NOMENCLATURE
• SUMMARY
• REFERENCES
• STUDY QUESTIONS
• EXERCISES
• CHAPTER 13 BATCH DISTILLATION
• 13.0 INSTRUCTIONAL OBJECTIVES
• 13.1 DIFFERENTIAL DISTILLATION
• 13.2 BINARY BATCH RECTIFICATION
• 13.3 BATCH STRIPPING AND COMPLEX BATCH DISTILLATION
• 13.4 EFFECT OF LIQUID HOLDUP
• 13.5 STAGE-BY-STAGE METHODS FOR BATCH RECTIFICATION
• 13.6 INTERMEDIATE-CUT STRATEGY
• 13.7 OPTIMAL CONTROL BY VARIATION OF REFLUX RATIO
• CHAPTER 13 NOMENCLATURE
• SUMMARY
• REFERENCES
• STUDY QUESTIONS
• EXERCISES
• CHAPTER 14 MEMBRANE SEPARATIONS
• 14.0 INSTRUCTIONAL OBJECTIVES
• 14.1 MEMBRANE MATERIALS
• 14.2 MEMBRANE MODULES
• 14.3 MASS TRANSFER IN MEMBRANES
• 14.4 DIALYSIS
• 14.5 ELECTRODIALYSIS
• 14.6 REVERSE OSMOSIS
• 14.7 GAS PERMEATION
• 14.8 PERVAPORATION
• CHAPTER 14 NOMENCLATURE
• SUMMARY
• REFERENCES
• STUDY QUESTIONS
• EXERCISES
• CHAPTER 15 ADSORPTION, ION EXCHANGE, AND CHROMATOGRAPHY
• 15.0 INSTRUCTIONAL OBJECTIVES
• 15.1 SORBENTS
• 15.2 EQUILIBRIUM CONSIDERATIONS
• 15.3 KINETIC AND TRANSPORT RATE CONSIDERATIONS
• 15.4 EQUIPMENT FOR SORPTION OPERATIONS
• 15.5 SLURRY AND FIXED-BED ADSORPTION SYSTEMS
• 15.6 CONTINUOUS, COUNTERCURRENT ADSORPTION SYSTEMS
• 15.7 ION-EXCHANGE CYCLE
• 15.8 CHROMATOGRAPHIC SEPARATIONS
• CHAPTER 15 NOMENCLATURE
• SUMMARY
• REFERENCES
• STUDY QUESTIONS
• EXERCISES
• ANSWERS TO SELECTED EXERCISES
• INDEX
• END USER LICENSE AGREEMENT