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• Title Page
• Copyright Page
• Contents
• Preface
• About the Authors
• Part 1 Introduction to Databases
• Chapter 1 Databases and Database Users
• 1.1 Introduction
• 1.2 An Example
• 1.3 Characteristics of the Database Approach
• 1.4 Actors on the Scene
• 1.5 Workers behind the Scene
• 1.6 Advantages of Using the DBMS Approach
• 1.7 A Brief History of Database Applications
• 1.8 When Not to Use a DBMS
• 1.9 Summary
• Review Questions
• Exercises
• Selected Bibliography
• Chapter 2 Database System Concepts and Architecture
• 2.1 Data Models, Schemas, and Instances
• 2.2 Three-Schema Architecture and Data Independence
• 2.3 Database Languages and Interfaces
• 2.4 The Database System Environment
• 2.5 Centralized and Client/Server Architectures for DBMSs
• 2.6 Classification of Database Management Systems
• 2.7 Summary
• Review Questions
• Exercises
• Selected Bibliography
• Part 2 Conceptual Data Modeling and Database Design
• Chapter 3 Data Modeling Using the Entity–Relationship (ER) Model
• 3.1 Using High-Level Conceptual Data Models for Database Design
• 3.2 A Sample Database Application
• 3.3 Entity Types, Entity Sets, Attributes, and Keys
• 3.4 Relationship Types, Relationship Sets, Roles, and Structural Constraints
• 3.5 Weak Entity Types
• 3.6 Refining the ER Design for the COMPANY Database
• 3.7 ER Diagrams, Naming Conventions, and Design Issues
• 3.8 Example of Other Notation: UML Class Diagrams
• 3.9 Relationship Types of Degree Higher than Two
• 3.10 Another Example: A UNIVERSITY Database
• 3.11 Summary
• Review Questions
• Exercises
• Laboratory Exercises
• Selected Bibliography
• Chapter 4 The Enhanced Entity–Relationship (EER) Model
• 4.1 Subclasses, Superclasses, and Inheritance
• 4.2 Specialization and Generalization
• 4.3 Constraints and Characteristics of Specialization and Generalization Hierarchies
• 4.4 Modeling of UNION Types Using Categories
• 4.5 A Sample UNIVERSITY EER Schema, Design Choices, and Formal Definitions
• 4.6 Example of Other Notation: Representing Specialization and Generalization in UML Class Diagrams
• 4.7 Data Abstraction, Knowledge Representation, and Ontology Concepts
• 4.8 Summary
• Review Questions
• Exercises
• Laboratory Exercises
• Selected Bibliography
• Part 3 The Relational Data Model and SQL
• Chapter 5 The Relational Data Model and Relational Database Constraints
• 5.1 Relational Model Concepts
• 5.2 Relational Model Constraints and Relational Database Schemas
• 5.3 Update Operations, Transactions, and Dealing with Constraint Violations
• 5.4 Summary
• Review Questions
• Exercises
• Selected Bibliography
• Chapter 6 Basic SQL
• 6.1 SQL Data Definition and Data Types
• 6.2 Specifying Constraints in SQL
• 6.3 Basic Retrieval Queries in SQL
• 6.4 INSERT, DELETE, and UPDATE Statements in SQL
• 6.5 Additional Features of SQL
• 6.6 Summary
• Review Questions
• Exercises
• Selected Bibliography
• Chapter 7 More SQL: Complex Queries, Triggers, Views, and Schema Modification
• 7.1 More Complex SQL Retrieval Queries
• 7.2 Specifying Constraints as Assertions and Actions as Triggers
• 7.3 Views (Virtual Tables) in SQL
• 7.4 Schema Change Statements in SQL
• 7.5 Summary
• Review Questions
• Exercises
• Selected Bibliography
• Chapter 8 The Relational Algebra and Relational Calculus
• 8.1 Unary Relational Operations: SELECT and PROJECT
• 8.2 Relational Algebra Operations from Set Theory
• 8.3 Binary Relational Operations: JOIN and DIVISION
• 8.4 Additional Relational Operations
• 8.5 Examples of Queries in Relational Algebra
• 8.6 The Tuple Relational Calculus
• 8.7 The Domain Relational Calculus
• 8.8 Summary
• Review Questions
• Exercises
• Laboratory Exercises
• Selected Bibliography
• Chapter 9 Relational Database Design by ER- and EER-to-Relational Mapping
• 9.1 Relational Database Design Using ER-to-Relational Mapping
• 9.2 Mapping EER Model Constructs to Relations
• 9.3 Summary
• Review Questions
• Exercises
• Laboratory Exercises
• Selected Bibliography
• Part 4 Database Programming Techniques
• Chapter 10 Introduction to SQL Programming Techniques
• 10.1 Overview of Database Programming Techniques and Issues
• 10.2 Embedded SQL, Dynamic SQL, and SQLJ
• 10.3 Database Programming with Function Calls and Class Libraries: SQL/CLI and JDBC
• 10.4 Database Stored Procedures and SQL/PSM
• 10.5 Comparing the Three Approaches
• 10.6 Summary
• Review Questions
• Exercises
• Selected Bibliography
• Chapter 11 Web Database Programming Using PHP
• 11.1 A Simple PHP Example
• 11.2 Overview of Basic Features of PHP
• 11.3 Overview of PHP Database Programming
• 11.4 Brief Overview of Java Technologies for Database Web Programming
• 11.5 Summary
• Review Questions
• Exercises
• Selected Bibliography
• Part 5 Object, Object-Relational, and XML: Concepts, Models, Languages, and Standards
• Chapter 12 Object and Object-Relational Databases
• 12.1 Overview of Object Database Concepts
• 12.2 Object Database Extensions to SQL
• 12.3 The ODMG Object Model and the Object Definition Language ODL
• 12.4 Object Database Conceptual Design
• 12.5 The Object Query Language OQL
• 12.6 Overview of the C++ Language Binding in the ODMG Standard
• 12.7 Summary
• Review Questions
• Exercises
• Selected Bibliography
• Chapter 13 XML: Extensible Markup Language
• 13.1 Structured, Semistructured, and Unstructured Data
• 13.2 XML Hierarchical (Tree) Data Model
• 13.3 XML Documents, DTD, and XML Schema
• 13.4 Storing and Extracting XML Documents from Databases
• 13.5 XML Languages
• 13.6 Extracting XML Documents from Relational Databases
• 13.7 XML/SQL: SQL Functions for Creating XML Data
• 13.8 Summary
• Review Questions
• Exercises
• Selected Bibliography
• Part 6 Database Design Theory and Normalization
• Chapter 14 Basics of Functional Dependencies and Normalization for Relational Databases
• 14.1 Informal Design Guidelines for Relation Schemas
• 14.2 Functional Dependencies
• 14.3 Normal Forms Based on Primary Keys
• 14.4 General Definitions of Second and Third Normal Forms
• 14.5 Boyce-Codd Normal Form
• 14.6 Multivalued Dependency and Fourth Normal Form
• 14.7 Join Dependencies and Fifth Normal Form
• 14.8 Summary
• Review Questions
• Exercises
• Laboratory Exercises
• Selected Bibliography
• Chapter 15 Relational Database Design Algorithms and Further Dependencies
• 15.1 Further Topics in Functional Dependencies: Inference Rules, Equivalence, and Minimal Cover
• 15.2 Properties of Relational Decompositions
• 15.3 Algorithms for Relational Database Schema Design
• 15.4 About Nulls, Dangling Tuples, and Alternative Relational Designs
• 15.5 Further Discussion of Multivalued Dependencies and 4NF
• 15.6 Other Dependencies and Normal Forms
• 15.7 Summary
• Review Questions
• Exercises
• Laboratory Exercises
• Selected Bibliography
• Part 7 File Structures, Hashing, Indexing, and Physical Database Design
• Chapter 16 Disk Storage, Basic File Structures, Hashing, and Modern Storage Architectures
• 16.1 Introduction
• 16.2 Secondary Storage Devices
• 16.3 Buffering of Blocks
• 16.4 Placing File Records on Disk
• 16.5 Operations on Files
• 16.6 Files of Unordered Records (Heap Files)
• 16.7 Files of Ordered Records (Sorted Files)
• 16.8 Hashing Techniques
• 16.9 Other Primary File Organizations
• 16.10 Parallelizing Disk Access Using RAID Technology
• 16.11 Modern Storage Architectures
• 16.12 Summary
• Review Questions
• Exercises
• Selected Bibliography
• Chapter 17 Indexing Structures for Files and Physical Database Design
• 17.1 Types of Single-Level Ordered Indexes
• 17.2 Multilevel Indexes
• 17.3 Dynamic Multilevel Indexes Using B-Trees + and B -Trees
• 17.4 Indexes on Multiple Keys
• 17.5 Other Types of Indexes
• 17.6 Some General Issues Concerning Indexing
• 17.7 Physical Database Design in Relational Databases
• 17.8 Summary
• Review Questions
• Exercises
• Selected Bibliography
• Part 8 Query Processing and Optimization
• Chapter 18 Strategies for Query Processing
• 18.1 Translating SQL Queries into Relational Algebra and Other Operators
• 18.2 Algorithms for External Sorting
• 18.3 Algorithms for SELECT Operation
• 18.4 Implementing the JOIN Operation
• 18.5 Algorithms for PROJECT and Set Operations
• 18.6 Implementing Aggregate Operations and Different Types of JOINs
• 18.7 Combining Operations Using Pipelining
• 18.8 Parallel Algorithms for Query Processing
• 18.9 Summary
• Review Questions
• Exercises
• Selected Bibliography
• Chapter 19 Query Optimization
• 19.1 Query Trees and Heuristics for Query Optimization
• 19.2 Choice of Query Execution Plans
• 19.3 Use of Selectivities in Cost-Based Optimization
• 19.4 Cost Functions for SELECT Operation
• 19.5 Cost Functions for the JOIN Operation
• 19.6 Example to Illustrate Cost-Based Query Optimization
• 19.7 Additional Issues Related to Query Optimization
• 19.8 An Example of Query Optimization in Data Warehouses
• 19.9 Overview of Query Optimization in Oracle
• 19.10 Semantic Query Optimization
• 19.11 Summary
• Review Questions
• Exercises
• Selected Bibliography
• Part 9 Transaction Processing, Concurrency Control, and Recovery
• Chapter 20 Introduction to Transaction Processing Concepts and Theory
• 20.1 Introduction to Transaction Processing
• 20.2 Transaction and System Concepts
• 20.3 Desirable Properties of Transactions
• 20.4 Characterizing Schedules Based on Recoverability
• 20.5 Characterizing Schedules Based on Serializability
• 20.6 Transaction Support in SQL
• 20.7 Summary
• Review Questions
• Exercises
• Selected Bibliography
• Chapter 21 Concurrency Control Techniques
• 21.1 Two-Phase Locking Techniques for Concurrency Control
• 21.2 Concurrency Control Based on Timestamp Ordering
• 21.3 Multiversion Concurrency Control Techniques
• 21.4 Validation (Optimistic) Techniques and Snapshot Isolation Concurrency Control
• 21.5 Granularity of Data Items and Multiple Granularity Locking
• 21.6 Using Locks for Concurrency Control in Indexes
• 21.7 Other Concurrency Control Issues
• 21.8 Summary
• Review Questions
• Exercises
• Selected Bibliography
• Chapter 22 Database Recovery Techniques
• 22.1 Recovery Concepts
• 22.2 NO-UNDO/REDO Recovery Based on Deferred Update
• 22.3 Recovery Techniques Based on Immediate Update
• 22.4 Shadow Paging
• 22.5 The ARIES Recovery Algorithm
• 22.6 Recovery in Multidatabase Systems
• 22.7 Database Backup and Recovery from Catastrophic Failures
• 22.8 Summary
• Review Questions
• Exercises
• Selected Bibliography
• Part 10 Distributed Databases, NOSQL Systems, and Big Data
• Chapter 23 Distributed Database Concepts
• 23.1 Distributed Database Concepts
• 23.2 Data Fragmentation, Replication, and Allocation Techniques for Distributed Database Design
• 23.3 Overview of Concurrency Control and Recovery in Distributed Databases
• 23.4 Overview of Transaction Management in Distributed Databases
• 23.5 Query Processing and Optimization in Distributed Databases
• 23.6 Types of Distributed Database Systems
• 23.7 Distributed Database Architectures
• 23.8 Distributed Catalog Management
• 23.9 Summary
• Review Questions
• Exercises
• Selected Bibliography
• Chapter 24 NOSQL Databases and Big Data Storage Systems
• 24.1 Introduction to NOSQL Systems
• 24.2 The CAP Theorem
• 24.3 Document-Based NOSQL Systems and MongoDB
• 24.4 NOSQL Key-Value Stores
• 24.5 Column-Based or Wide Column NOSQL Systems
• 24.6 NOSQL Graph Databases and Neo4j
• 24.7 Summary
• Review Questions
• Selected Bibliography
• Chapter 25 Big Data Technologies Based on MapReduce and Hadoop
• 25.1 What Is Big Data?
• 25.2 Introduction to MapReduce and Hadoop
• 25.3 Hadoop Distributed File System (HDFS)
• 25.4 MapReduce: Additional Details
• 25.5 Hadoop v2 alias YARN
• 25.6 General Discussion
• 25.7 Summary
• Review Questions
• Selected Bibliography
• Part 11 Advanced Database Models, Systems, and Applications
• Chapter 26 Enhanced Data Models: Introduction to Active, Temporal, Spatial, Multimedia, and Deductiv
• 26.1 Active Database Concepts and Triggers
• 26.2 Temporal Database Concepts
• 26.3 Spatial Database Concepts
• 26.4 Multimedia Database Concepts
• 26.5 Introduction to Deductive Databases
• 26.6 Summary
• Review Questions
• Exercises
• Selected Bibliography
• Chapter 27 Introduction to Information Retrieval and Web Search
• 27.1 Information Retrieval (IR) Concepts
• 27.2 Retrieval Models
• 27.3 Types of Queries in IR Systems
• 27.4 Text Preprocessing
• 27.5 Inverted Indexing
• 27.6 Evaluation Measures of Search Relevance
• 27.7 Web Search and Analysis
• 27.8 Trends in Information Retrieval
• 27.9 Summary
• Review Questions
• Selected Bibliography
• Chapter 28 Data Mining Concepts
• 28.1 Overview of Data Mining Technology
• 28.2 Association Rules
• 28.3 Classification
• 28.4 Clustering
• 28.5 Approaches to Other Data Mining Problems
• 28.6 Applications of Data Mining
• 28.7 Commercial Data Mining Tools
• 28.8 Summary
• Review Questions
• Exercises
• Selected Bibliography
• Chapter 29 Overview of Data Warehousing and OLAP
• 29.1 Introduction, Definitions, and Terminology
• 29.2 Characteristics of Data Warehouses
• 29.3 Data Modeling for Data Warehouses
• 29.4 Building a Data Warehouse
• 29.5 Typical Functionality of a Data Warehouse
• 29.6 Data Warehouse versus Views
• 29.7 Difficulties of Implementing Data Warehouses
• 29.8 Summary
• Review Questions
• Selected Bibliography
• Part 12 Additional Database Topics: Security
• Chapter 30 Database Security
• 30.1 Introduction to Database Security Issues
• 30.2 Discretionary Access Control Based on Granting and Revoking Privileges
• 30.3 Mandatory Access Control and Role-Based Access Control for Multilevel Security
• 30.4 SQL Injection
• 30.5 Introduction to Statistical Database Security
• 30.6 Introduction to Flow Control
• 30.7 Encryption and Public Key Infrastructures
• 30.8 Privacy Issues and Preservation
• 30.9 Challenges to Maintaining Database Security
• 30.10 Oracle Label-Based Security
• 30.11 Summary
• Review Questions
• Exercises
• Selected Bibliography
• Appendix A: Alternative Diagrammatic Notations for ER Models
• Appendix B: Parameters of Disks
• Appendix C: Overview of the QBE Language
• C.1 Basic Retrievals in QBE
• C.2 Grouping, Aggregation, and Database Modification in QBE
• Bibliography
• Index
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• D
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