Efnisyfirlit

• Designing and Conducting Survey Research: A Comprehensive Guide
• Copyright
• Contents
• Figures, Tables, Exhibits, and Worksheets
• Figures
• Tables
• Exhibits
• Worksheets
• Preface
• Audience
• Overview of the Contents
• The Authors
• Part One: Developing and Administering Questionnaires
• Chapter One: An Overview of the Sample Survey Process
• Gathering Information through Research
• Advantages of Sample Survey Research
• Types of Sample Survey Research
• Mail-Out Surveys
• Web-Based Surveys
• The Telephone Survey
• In-Person Interviews
• Intercept Surveys
• Stages of the Survey Research Process
• Stage 1: Identifying the Focus of the Study and Method of Research
• Stage 2: Determining the Research Schedule and Budget
• Stage 3: Establishing an Information Base
• Stage 4: Determining the Sampling Frame
• Stage 5: Determining the Sample Size and Sample Selection Procedures
• Stage 6: Designing the Survey Instrument
• Stage 7: Pretesting the Survey Instrument
• Stage 8: Selecting and Training Interviewers
• Stage 9: Implementing the Survey
• Stage 10: Coding the Completed Questionnaires and Computerizing the Data
• Stage 11: Analyzing the Data and Preparing the Final Report
• Monitoring and Supervision of the Interview Process
• Ethical Considerations in Survey Research
• Conclusion
• Notes
• Chapter Two: Designing Effective Questionnaires
• Introducing the Study
• Sequence of Questions
• Introductory Questions
• Sensitive Questions
• Related Questions
• Logical Sequence
• Filter or Screening Questions
• Reliability Checks
• Question Format: Open-Ended or Closed-Ended
• Advantages of Closed-Ended Questions
• Disadvantages of Closed-Ended Questions
• Using Open-Ended Questions
• Follow-Up Open-Ended Questions
• Open-Ended Venting Questions
• Questionnaire Length
• Editing the Completed Questionnaire
• Notes
• Chapter Three: Developing Survey Questions
• Guidelines for Phrasing Questions
• Level of Wording
• Ambiguous Words and Phrases
• Confusingly Phrased Questions
• Double-Barreled Questions
• Manipulative Information
• Inappropriate Emphasis
• Emotional Words and Phrases
• Levels of Measurement
• Nominal Scale
• Ordinal Scale
• Interval Scale
• Formatting of Questions
• Basic Response Category Format
• Number of Alternative Responses
• Structure of Ordinal Categories Containing Interval Scale Variables
• Order of Response Alternatives
• Multiple Responses
• Scaled Responses
• Chapter Four: Using Focus Groups in the Survey Research Process
• Uses of Focus Groups
• Planning Focus Groups
• Identifying the Critical Characteristics of Participants
• Establishing the Number of Focus Groups
• Choosing an Appropriate Facility
• Determining the Necessity for Financial Inducements
• Scheduling the Focus Groups
• Recruiting Focus Group Participants
• Implementing the Focus Group Sessions
• Preparing for the Focus Group
• Conducting the Focus Group
• Part Two: Ensuring Scientific Accuracy
• Chapter Five: Descriptive Statistics: Measures of Central Tendency and Dispersion
• Measures of Central Tendency
• Mode
• Median
• Arithmetic Mean
• Measures of Dispersion
• Range
• Standard Deviation
• The Normal Distribution
• Selecting the Most Appropriate Measure of Central Tendency for Describing Survey Data
• Scaled Frequency Distributions
• Notes
• Chapter Six: The Theoretical Basis of Sampling
• Properties of the Normal Distribution
• The Standardized Z Score
• The Theoretical Basis of Sampling
• Generalizing from a Single Sample
• Chapter Seven: Confidence Intervals and Basic Hypothesis Testing
• Confidence Intervals
• Confidence Intervals Expressed as Proportions
• Hypothesis Testing
• Single- and Dual-Direction Research Questions
• The t Test
• Notes
• Chapter Eight: Determining the Sample Size
• Determinants of Sampling Accuracy
• Determination of Sample Size for Variables Expressed in Terms of Proportions
• Large Populations
• Small Populations
• Determination of Sample Size for Interval Scale Variables
• Large Populations
• Small Populations
• Determination of Sample Size When Both Proportional and Interval Scale Variables Are Present
• Note
• Chapter Nine: Selecting and Obtaining a Representative Sample
• Probability Sampling
• Identification of the Sampling Frame
• Establishing a Representative Working Population
• Examples of Sampling Frames
• Simple Random Sampling
• Systematic Random Sampling
• Cluster (Multistage) Sampling
• Stratified Sampling
• Weighting Disproportionate Samples
• Nonresponse Bias
• Efforts to Compensate for Nonresponse Bias
• Nonprobability Sampling
• Notes
• Part Three: Presenting and Analyzing Survey Results
• Chapter Ten: Analyzing Cross-Tabulated Data
• Cross-Tabulated Contingency Tables
• The Chi-Square Test of Significance
• Cram?r?s V and Phi (?)
• Additional Chi-Square Considerations
• Gamma (?)
• Testing the Statistical Significance of Gamma
• Notes
• Chapter Eleven: Testing the Difference Between Means
• Independent Samples t Test
• Paired Samples t Test
• Difference of Proportions Test
• Analysis of Variance
• Calculation of Sum of Squares
• Calculation of Variances and F Ratio
• Statistical Significance
• Correlation Ratio E2 and the Measure of Association?Eta
• Post Hoc Tests: A Multiple Comparison of Means
• Spuriousness
• Notes
• Chapter Twelve: Regression and Correlation
• Simple Linear Regression
• Testing the Significance of the Regression Line
• Calculation of Sum of Squares
• Calculation of Variances and F Ratio
• Coefficient of Determination (r2)
• Pearson?s r Correlation
• Dummy Variables
• Choosing among Tests of Significance and Measures of Association
• Notes
• Chapter Thirteen: Preparing an Effective Final Report
• Report Format
• The Title
• Executive Summary
• Introduction to the Study
• Review of Preliminary Research
• Method of Research
• Survey Research Findings
• Focus Group Findings
• Conclusions
• Bibliography
• Appendixes
• Specific Considerations for Formally Reporting Survey Results
• Vocabulary, Jargon, and Statistical Notation
• Reporting of Numerical Detail
• Resource A: Table of Areas of a Standard Normal Distribution
• Resource B: Glossary
• Bibliography
• Index
• End User License Agreement