Efnisyfirlit

• Cover image
• Title page
• Table of Contents
• Selected Reviews
• Copyright
• Preface
• Introduction
• Part One General Information
• How to Use This Book
• Before You Go
• Be in Good Health
• Be Prepared
• Common Sense
• Rules of the Road
• Conditioning and Acclimatization
• Equipment
• Communication
• Trip Plans
• Medicines
• Nutrition
• Fluid Requirements
• Personal Hygiene and Bodily Waste Disposal
• General Injury Prevention: Risk Factors
• Disaster Preparedness
• The Scene
• Duty to Assist
• General First-Aid Principles
• Evaluate the Victim
• Assisting a Victim of Starvation
• Long-Term Care of an Unconscious or Gravely Disabled Person
• Medical Decision-Making
• Part Two Major Medical Problems
• Introduction
• An Approach to the Unconscious Victim
• Helmet Removal
• Airway
• Breathing
• Check for Pulses (Circulation)
• Protect the Cervical Spine
• Chest Injury
• Broken Ribs
• Flail Chest
• Pneumothorax
• Bruised Lung
• Treatment for Chest Injuries
• Serious Lung Disorders
• Asthma
• Pulmonary Embolism
• Heart Failure (Often Called “Congestive Heart Failure”)
• Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
• Pneumonia
• Chest Pain
• Angina Pectoris
• Heart Attack (Acute Myocardial Infarction)
• Very Rapid Heart Rate
• Noncardiac Causes of Chest Pain
• Bleeding
• Treatment for Bleeding
• Internal Bleeding
• Shock
• Head Injury
• Concussion, with or without Loss of Consciousness
• No Loss of Consciousness
• Lacerations of the Scalp
• Allergic Reaction
• Treatment for an Allergic Reaction
• Seizure
• Treatment for Seizure
• Fractures and Dislocations
• Compartment Syndrome
• Splints and Slings
• Taping
• Specific Injuries
• Amputation
• Burns
• Definitions (Figure 117)
• Treatment for Burns
• Burn Prevention
• Inhalation Injuries
• Thermal Injury
• Smoke (Chemical) Injury
• Air Quality Index for Particles
• Aspiration Injury
• Abdominal Pain
• General Evaluation
• Physical Examination
• Epigastrium
• Right Upper Quadrant
• Left Upper Quadrant
• Right Lower Quadrant
• Left Lower Quadrant
• Lower Abdomen (Central)
• Flank
• Emergency Childbirth
• Complicated Deliveries
• Diabetes
• Stroke
• Infectious Diseases
• Malaria
• Yellow Fever
• Dengue
• Chikungunya Illness
• West Nile Viral Disease
• Eastern Equine Encephalitis
• Relapsing Fever
• Typhoid and Paratyphoid Fevers
• Ebola, Lassa, and Other Viruses That Cause “Hemorrhagic Fevers”
• Schistosomiasis
• Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever
• Colorado Tick Fever
• Lyme Disease
• Ehrlichiosis
• Anaplasmosis
• African Tick-Bite Fever
• Babesiosis
• Trichinellosis (Trichinosis)
• Leptospirosis
• Tularemia
• Meningococcal Disease (Including Meningitis)
• Rabies
• Dealing with Death
• Handling a Dead Body
• Emotional Considerations
• Obtaining Assistance
• Part Three Minor Medical Problems
• Introduction
• General Symptoms
• Unconscious (or Semiconscious) Victim
• Fainting
• Fatigue
• Fever and Chills
• Fever in a Returned Traveler
• Cough
• Coughing Blood
• Hiccups (Hiccoughs)
• Dizziness
• Head (Also Eye, Ear, Nose, Throat, and Mouth)
• Headache
• Bell’s Palsy
• Ear
• Eye
• Nose
• Throat
• Mouth and Teeth
• Upper Respiratory Disorders
• Common Cold
• Influenza
• Bronchitis
• Pleuritis
• Hay Fever
• Disorders of the Gastrointestinal Tract
• Diarrhea
• Constipation
• Hemorrhoids, Anal Fissure, and Rectal Prolapse
• Flatus
• Heartburn
• Nausea and Vomiting
• Vomiting Blood
• Ulcer Disease
• Hepatitis
• Skin Disorders
• Sunburn
• Sunscreens
• Melanoma
• Poison Ivy, Sumac, and Oak (Genus Toxicodendron)
• Rashes Incurred in the Water
• Hives
• Heat Rash
• Intertrigo
• Chafe
• Impetigo
• Cellulitis, Including Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus
• Abscess
• Ingrown Toenail
• Fingertip Cracks
• Paronychia
• Felon
• Blisters
• Plantar Warts
• Athlete’S Foot, Ringworm, and Jock Itch
• Tinea Versicolor
• Onychomycosis
• Diaper Rash
• Armpit Odor
• Lice
• Scabies
• Creeping Eruption
• Shingles
• Herpes Simplex Virus Genital Infection
• Fever Blisters
• Minor Bruises and Wounds
• Bruises
• Black Eye
• Blood under the Fingernail
• Torn Fingernail
• Puncture Wounds
• Impaled Object
• Scrapes
• Cuts (Lacerations)
• Skin Flaps and Avulsions
• Taping a Wound Closed
• Sewing (Suturing) a Wound Closed
• Stapling a Wound Closed
• Gluing a Wound Closed
• Bandaging Techniques
• Wound Infection
• Abscess (Boil)
• Scalp Laceration (Cut on the Head)
• Fishhook Removal
• Splinter Removal
• Blisters
• Musculoskeletal Injuries
• Overuse Syndromes
• Arthritis
• Bursitis
• Venous Thrombosis and Thrombophlebitis
• Back Pain
• Disorders of the Kidneys, Bladder, and Prostate
• Bladder Infection
• Kidney Infection
• Kidney Stone
• Blood in the Urine
• Acute Urinary Retention
• Prostate Infection
• Male Genital Problems
• Painful Testicle
• Penile Discharge
• Infection of the Foreskin (Balanitis)
• Psychiatric Emergencies
• Anxiety
• Panic
• Hyperventilation
• Depression
• Psychosis
• Reaction to an Injury or Illness
• Posttraumatic Stress Disorder
• Part Four Disorders Related to Specific Environments
• Injuries and Illnesses Due to Cold
• Hypothermia (Lowered Body Temperature)
• What to Do if You Fall Through the Ice
• How to Assist Someone Who Has Fallen Through the Ice
• Winter Storm Preparedness
• Safe Sledding
• Frostbite
• Frostnip
• Immersion Foot (Trench Foot)
• Chilblain (Pernio)
• Raynaud’S Phenomenon
• Hives Induced by Exposure to Cold
• Snow Blindness
• Injuries and Illnesses Due to Heat
• Burn Injuries
• Heat-Related Illness (Hyperthermia)
• Heat Exhaustion and Heatstroke
• Muscle Cramps
• Heat Swelling
• Fainting
• Avoiding Heat Illness
• Wildland Fires
• High-Risk Situations
• Standard Fire Encounter Principles
• What to Do When Caught in a Wildland Fire
• How to Report a Fire
• Creating a Defensible Space
• Medical Considerations
• Carbon Monoxide Poisoning
• High Altitude–Related Problems
• Prevention of High Altitude–Related Disorders
• High-Altitude Pulmonary Edema
• High-Altitude Cerebral Edema
• Acute Mountain Sickness
• Other Disorders of High Altitude
• Snakebite
• Poisonous Snakes
• Nonpoisonous Snakes
• Insect and Arthropod Bites
• Bees, Spiders, Scorpions, and Other Small Biters
• Spiders
• Scorpions
• Mosquitoes
• Biting Flies
• Fleas
• Chiggers
• Centipedes and Millipedes
• Ticks
• Caterpillars
• Beetles
• Sucking Bugs
• Skin Infestation by Fly Larvae
• Insect Repellents and Other Protection Against Insects
• Leeches
• Lightning Strike, Tornado (Cyclone), Hurricane (Typhoon), Flood, Earthquake, Tidal Wave (Tsunami), Landslide (Mudslide), Volcano, and Snow Avalanche
• Lightning Strike
• Lightning Avoidance and How to Seek Safety
• Tornado Avoidance and How to Seek Safety
• Hurricane: How to Seek Safety
• Flood: How to Seek Safety
• Earthquake: What to Do and How to Seek Safety
• Tidal Wave: How to Seek Safety
• Landslide: How to Seek Safety
• Volcano
• Snow Avalanche
• Hazardous Aquatic Life and Aquatic Infections
• Sharks
• Barracudas
• Moray Eels
• Sponges
• Jellyfish
• Coral and Barnacle Cuts
• Sea Urchins
• Starfish
• Cucumbers
• Bristleworms
• Cone Snails (Shells)
• Stingrays
• Catfish
• Scorpionfish
• Surgeonfish
• Octopuses
• Sea Snakes
• Skin Rashes Caused by Aquatic Plants (Seaweed Dermatitis) or Creatures (Sea Bather’s Eruption, Swimmer’s Itch)
• Poisonings from Seafood
• Underwater Diving Accidents
• Air Embolism
• Decompression Sickness (the “Bends”)
• Nitrogen Narcosis
• Ear Squeeze
• Sinus Squeeze
• Tooth Squeeze
• Drowning
• Recognizing a Victim of Drowning
• Prevention of Drowning
• Animal Attacks
• General Treatment
• Special Considerations
• Avoidance of Hazardous Animals
• Wild Plant and Mushroom Poisoning
• Medical History
• Treatment for Poisonings
• Commonly Ingested Toxic Plants and Mushrooms
• Toxicity of Common Plants
• Toxic Plants by Common Name, Latin or Common Scientific Name—Type of Toxicity
• Nontoxic Plants (Common Name, Latin or Common Scientific Name)
• Part Five Miscellaneous Information
• Oxygen Administration
• Precautions
• Water Disinfection
• Motion Sickness
• Jet Lag
• First-Aid Kits
• Basic Supplies
• General Supplies
• Wound Care: Preparations and Dressings
• Splinting and Sling Material
• Eye Medications and Dressings
• Dental Supplies
• Topical Skin Preparations
• Nonprescription Medications
• Prescription Medications (Select From This List, and From Information Throughout This Book, What You Feel You Might Need; the Drugs Listed are “for Example”)
• Allergy Kit
• Forest and Mountain Environments
• Aquatic Environments
• Immunizations
• Tetanus
• Poliovirus; Diphtheria; Pertussis (Whooping Cough); Measles, Mumps, Rubella (German Measles); Chickenpox; Haemophilus B; Rotavirus
• Smallpox
• Cholera
• Yellow Fever
• Meningococcus
• Herpes Zoster
• Human Papillomavirus
• Hepatitis
• Bubonic Plague
• Rabies
• Malaria
• Typhoid Fever
• Typhus Fever
• Influenza
• Pneumococcal Pneumonia
• Japanese Encephalitis
• Lyme Disease
• Physicians Abroad
• Transport of the Injured Victim
• Lifting and Moving Techniques
• Carries and Litters
• Helicopters
• Ground-to-Air Distress Signals
• Lost People
• Procedures
• Intramuscular Injection
• Subcutaneous Injection
• Fishhook Removal
• Splinter Removal
• Ring Removal
• Zipper Removal
• Knots and Hitches
• Appendix One Commonly Used Drugs (Medications) and Doses
• Drugs and Pregnancy
• Allergic Reaction to a Drug
• For Relief from a Severe Allergic Reaction
• For Relief from a Mild Allergic Reaction or Hay Fever
• For Relief from Severe Asthma or Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
• For Relief from Mild Asthma
• For Treatment of Chest Pain (Angina)
• For Treatment of Congestive Heart Failure
• For Treatment of Seizures (Epilepsy)
• For Relief from Pain (See also “For Relief from Muscle Aches or Minor Arthritis”)
• For Relief from Fever
• For Relief from Muscle Aches or Minor Arthritis
• For Relief from Muscle Spasm
• For Relief from Migraine Headache
• For Relief from Itching
• For Relief from Toothache
• For Relief from Motion Sickness
• For Relief from Nausea and Vomiting
• For Relief from Diarrhea
• For Relief from Constipation
• For Relief from Ulcer Pain
• For Relief from Indigestion or Gas Pains
• For Relief from Heartburn (Reflux Esophagitis)
• For Relief from Nasal Congestion
• For Relief from Cough
• For Relief from Sore Throat
• Cold Formulas
• Skin Medications
• For Sleep
• Antibiotics
• Appendix Two Conversion Tables
• Fahrenheit and Centigrade (Celsius) Temperature Conversion
• Measures of Length
• Measures of Volume (Capacity)
• Measures of Weight
• Conversion Between Feet and Meters
• Appendix Three Guidelines for Prevention of Diseases Transmitted Via Human Blood and Other Bodily Fluids
• Human Immunodeficiency Virus Postexposure Prophylaxis
• Appendix Four Commonly Used Applications of the SAM Splint
• General
• The Concept: the Basic Bend
• Finger Splint (for Fingertip Injuries, Broken or Dislocated Finger, Cut Finger)
• Volar (Underneath) Wrist Splint (for Broken Wrist, Cut Wrist, Carpal Tunnel Syndrome)
• Thumb Spica Splint (for Navicular [Scaphoid] Fracture, Broken or Dislocated Thumb, Ulnar Collateral Ligament Sprain)
• Ulnar Gutter Splint (for Broken or Dislocated Fourth or Fifth Finger)
• Double Layer Wrist Splint (for Sprained or Broken Wrist, Cut Wrist)
• Upper Arm Splint (for Broken Upper Arm)
• “Sugar Tong” Splint (for Dislocated or Broken Elbow)
• Elbow Splint (for Dislocated or Broken Elbow)
• Adjustable Cervical (Neck) Collar (for Suspected Neck Injury)
• Anterior Dislocation of the Shoulder
• Ankle Stirrup Splint (for Sprained, Broken, or Dislocated Ankle; for Broken Lower Leg)
• Figure-Eight Ankle Splint (for Sprained, Broken, or Dislocated Ankle)
• Combination Ankle Stirrup and Figure-of-Eight Splint (for Sprained, Broken or Dislocated Ankle Where Maximum Immobilization is Needed)
• Single Long Leg Splint (for Broken Lower Leg)
• Double Long Leg Splint (for Broken Lower Leg Where More Immobilization is Needed)
• Knee Immobilizer Splint (for Knee Injuries)
• Half-Ring Splint for Femur Fracture (for Broken Femur)
• Impaled Object Protector
• Appendix Five Personal Safety in an Age of Global Conflict, Kidnapping, and Terrorism
• Safe Travel
• Kidnapping and Hostage Behavior
• Piracy
• Blast Injuries
• Appendix Six Emergency Canine Medicine
• Glossary (Including Acronyms and Abbreviations)
• Index
• About the Author