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• Cover Page
• Half Title Page
• Title Page
• Copyright Page
• Contents
• List of Figures
• List of Tables
• Preface
• Acknowledgements
• 1 Labour Force Participation
• Introduction
• 1.1 Entry Into the Labour Market – Education and Occupational Choice
• 1.2 Labour Force Participation Between Entry Into the Labour Market and Retirement
• 1.3 The Retirement Decision
• Questions
• Notes
• References
• Further Reading
• 2 The Labour Supply Curve
• Introduction
• 2.1 The Supply of Hours
• 2.2 The Effects of Hours Constraints
• 2.3 Patterns of Hours, Part-Time Work, Overtime, Absence and Double-Jobbing
• 2.3.1 Part-Time Work
• 2.3.2 Absenteeism
• 2.3.3 Overtime Working
• 2.3.4 Double-Jobbing
• Questions
• Notes
• References
• Further Reading
• 3 Investment in Human Capital
• Introduction
• 3.1 The Human Capital Model
• 3.2 Empirical Analysis
• 3.3 An Alternative Interpretation–The Job-Screening Approach
• 3.4 Training in Theory and Practice
• 3.4.1 Government Intervention
• 3.4.2 Who Receives Job-Related Training?
• 3.4.3 Is Training Effective?
• Questions
• Notes
• References
• Further Reading
• 4 Changing Jobs The Economics of Job Search
• Introduction
• 4.1 Gross Labour Market Flows
• 4.2 Information in the Labour Market
• 4.3 Job Satisfaction and Labour Mobility
• 4.3.1 Estimation
• 4.3.2 Empirical Studies
• 4.4 Job Search
• 4.5 Migration
• 4.6 Theory and Empirical Evidence: Internal Migration
• 4.7 International Migration
• 4.7.1 How Do Immigrants Perform in the Host Country?
• 4.7.2 Do Immigrants Have an Adverse Impact on Native Earnings and Employment?
• 4.7.3 What Sort of Immigration Policy is Appropriate?
• Questions
• Notes
• References
• Further Reading
• 5 The Demand for Labour
• Introduction
• 5.1 The Marginal Productivity Principle
• 5.1.1 Competitive Labour Markets in the Short Term
• 5.1.2 Competitive Labour Markets in the Long Run
• 5.2 Marginal Productivity and Imperfectly Competitive Markets
• 5.3 The Demand for Workers or the Demand for Hours?
• 5.3.1 The Standard Work-Week and Overtime
• 5.3.2 Capital Utilisation (Shift-Working)
• 5.4 Hiring Costs and Labour Hoarding
• Questions
• Notes
• References
• Further Reading
• 6 Extensions of Labour Demand Mismatches in the Labour Market
• Introduction
• 6.1 Labour Shortages
• 6.2 Over- and Under-Education
• 6.3 Labour Market Discrimination1
• Questions
• Notes
• References
• Further Reading
• 7 Trade Unions
• Introduction
• 7.1 Trade Union Membership
• 7.1.1 Macroeconomic Climate
• 7.1.2 Workforce Composition
• 7.1.3 Government Policy and Legal Environment
• 7.1.4 Employer Policy
• 7.1.5 Union Policy
• 7.2 Trade Union Wage/Employment Behaviour
• 7.2.1 The Monopoly Union Model
• 7.2.2 The Bilateral Monopoly Model
• 7.2.3 The Right-To-Manage Model
• 7.2.4 The Efficient Bargaining Model
• 7.2.5 The Competitive Status Seniority Model
• 7.2.6 Concluding Comments
• 7.3 The Union Wage Effect
• 7.3.1 Measuring the Union Mark-Up
• 7.3.2 Estimates of the Union Mark-Up
• 7.3.3 Union Wage Effects and the Dispersion of Earnings
• 7.4 Trade Unions and Efficiency
• 7.4.1 Unions and Productivity
• 7.4.2 Unions and Profitability
• 7.4.3 Unions and Investment
• 7.4.4 Unions and Employment
• 7.4.5 Unions and Utility
• Questions
• Notes
• References
• Further Reading
• 8 Bargaining and Conflict
• Introduction
• 8.1 Patterns of Industrial Conflict
• 8.2 Models of Strike Incidence
• 8.2.1 The Zeuthen–Harsanyi Model
• 8.2.2 The Hicks Model
• 8.2.3 The Ashenfelter–Johnson “Political” Model
• 8.2.4 Individual Strike Rationality and the Free-Rider Problem
• 8.3 Empirical Evidence on Strikes
• 8.3.1 Determinants of Strike Activity
• 8.3.2 The Costs of Strikes
• 8.4 Individual Workplace Conflict
• 8.4.1 Institutional Background and the Employment Tribunal System
• 8.4.2 Models of Settlement
• 8.4.3 Empirical Studies of Tribunals
• Questions
• Notes
• References
• Further Reading
• Selected Web Links
• 9 The Structure of Labour Markets
• Introduction
• 9.1 Neo-Classical Approach
• 9.2 The Theory of Equalising Differences
• 9.3 Dual and Segmented Labour Markets
• 9.3.1 Dual and Segmented Labour Markets – An Overview
• 9.3.2 An Overview of Internal Labour Markets
• 9.3.3 Dual and Segmented Labour Markets
• 9.3.4 Radical Theory of Segmentation
• 9.3.5 Job Competition Model
• 9.3.6 Career Labour Markets
• 9.4 Dual and Segmented Labour Markets – A Theoretical Treatment
• 9.4.1 Dual and Segmented Labour Markets – The Evidence
• 9.4.2 Human Capital Models with Predetermined Segmentation
• 9.4.3 Factor Analysis
• 9.4.4 Cluster Analysis
• 9.4.5 Switching Regressions
• 9.4.6 Mobility
• 9.5 Conclusions
• Questions
• Notes
• References
• Further Reading
• 10 Wage Incentives
• Introduction
• 10.1 Sector Differences
• 10.2 The Supply of Effort – Time of Day Effects
• 10.3 The Principal–Agent Problem
• 10.4 Time Rates Versus Piece Rates
• 10.5 Promotion, Deferred Payments and Tournament Theory
• 10.6 Profit-Sharing
• 10.7 The Labour-Managed Firm
• Questions
• Notes
• References
• Further Reading
• 11 Labour market policy
• Introduction
• 11.1 Why Intervene in the Labour Market?
• 11.2 General Employment Policies
• 11.3 The Problem of Low Pay
• 11.4 Minimum-Wage Legislation
• 11.5 Active Labour Market Policies
• 11.6 Passive Labour Market Policies
• 11.6.1 Employment Protection Legislation (EPL)
• 11.6.2 Unemployment Benefits
• 11.7 The Demographic Challenge
• 11.8 Equality of Opportunities Policies
• 11.9 Conclusions
• Questions
• Notes
• References
• Further Reading
• Index